The coronary slow flow phenomenon: characteristics, mechanisms and implications

The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) is an important, angiographic entity characterized by delayed progression of the injected contrast medium through the coronary tree. It is a frequent finding, typically observed in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes. Although it is well know to interventional cardiologists for approximately four decades, the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. The clinical implications are significant, with over 80% of patients experiencing recurrent chest pain, resulting in considerable impairment in quality of life. This article will address in detail the characteristics, possible mechanisms, and clinical implications of this entity to provide further insight into its clinical significance and management strategies.